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Speech & Language Milestones
0-6 months:
- Uses a different cry to express different needs
- Localizes sounds by turning head
- Uses sounds or gestures to indicate wants
- Frequently coos, gurgles and makes pleasure sounds
- Imitates tongue movements and smiles at familiar faces
- Looks and smiles at people when talked to
7-12 months:
- Listens to and imitates som e adult speech sounds/intonation patterns
- Babbles using long and short groups of sounds
- Understands phrases like “no-no,” “all gone,” and “bye-bye”
- Makes some appropriate use of gestural language (shake head for “no”)
- Begins to change babbling to jargon
- Uses speech intentionally for the first time
- Say “mama” or “dada” for parents
13-18 months:
- Looks for hidden objects
- Points or gestures to communicate or identify needs
- Talks in single words, often omits some initial consonants and almost all final consonants
- Uses echolalia and jargon
- Has 3-20 words (mostly nouns) in expressive vocabulary
- Receptively identify 1-3 body parts
- Follows simple directions
19-24 months:
- Uses words more frequently than jargon
- Has an expressive vocabulary of 50 to 100 words
- Has a receptive vocabulary or 300 or more words
- Starts to combine nouns and verbs
- Begins to use pronouns
- Is approximately 25-50% intelligible to strangers
- Names a few familiar objects
- Identifies 5-6 body parts on a doll
- Begins to understand adjectives in phrases
2-3 years
- Speech is 50-75% intelligible
- Consistently uses initial consonants
- Frequently uses medial consonants
- Frequently omits or substitutes final consonants
- Begins to demonstrate turn-taking and sharing behaviors
- Follows simple commands and answers simple questions
- Uses 3-4 word phrases
- Has a receptive vocabulary of 500-900 words
- Has an expressive vocabulary of 50-250 or more words
3-4 years
- Spontaneous sentences approximately 4-5 words long
- Is at least 80% intelligible to familiar listener
- Use of irregular plurals, future tense verbs, conjunctions, and contractions emerge
- Understands object functions
- Has a 1,000-2,000 or more word receptive vocabulary
- Has a 800-1,500 or more word expressive vocabulary
- Appropriately uses is, are, and am in sentences
- Tells 2 events in chronological order
4-5 years
- Consistently uses verbally and grammatically correct sentences
- Completes analogies
- Identifies at least 6 capital letters
- Recognizes absurdities in pictures
- Identifies all basic colors
- Understands passive voice statements
- Likes to pretend and act out stories
- Understands and answers complex 2-part questions
- Significantly reduces number of persistent sound omissions and substitutions
- Uses grammatically correct sentences of 4-8 words
5-6 years
- Follows 3 step directions
- Asks “how” questions
- Uses past and future tenses appropriately
- Uses conjunctions
- Names opposites
- Reduces sentence length to 4-6 words
- Accurately relays a story
- Exchanges information and asks questions
6-7 years
- Names letters, numbers and currencies
- Is detailed in descriptions
- Uses irregular verb forms
- Names days, months and numbers in serial order
- Comprehends future and past tenses
- Understands humor
- Wonders about abstract events like how things work
- Counts to 100
- Uses most morphological markers appropriately
- Has a receptive vocabulary of approximately 20,000 words
Learn About More Milestones
Fine Motor Milestones
Gross Motor Milestone
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